Endocrine Abstracts

Over the 5 years, the field of bile acid (BA) research has undergone a considerable evolution. Besides their well-established roles in dietary lipid absorption and cholesterol homeostasis, it has recently become clear that BAs are also biological signaling molecules. For instance, BAs were shown to be natural ligands that activate FXR, which controls both the synthesis and enterohepatic recycling of BAs. We have shown that the FXR-mediated SHP induction attenuates the capacity...

Introduction: A potent and selective DPP-4 inhibitor improves islet function by enhancing α- and β-cell responsiveness to glucose in the diabetic patients. Renal impairment is a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Vildagliptin is used to treat T2DM as monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic drugs, since that it efficiently decreases glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values. Additionally, vildagliptin has been shown to be safe in patients w...

Introduction: Bile acid binding resins (BABRs), anion exchange resins developed as medication for hypercholesterolemia, have been reported to improve glycemic control in patients and animal models with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although the mechanism has not been clarified yet, we suspect that diverse factors including peripheral bile acid composition and incretins play significant roles in the effect. Besides BABRs, bile acids (BAs) administration has been recently reported t...